As interest rates, inventory issues keep car costs high, what drivers are doing to make ownership possible

Access to personal cars remains important to Americans despite the growing monthly cost of ownership. 

The average monthly auto payment reached $733, a new record, in the second quarter of the year, according to a report by auto site Edmunds.

Seventy-eight percent of middle-income households earning between $47,000 and $142,000 rely on a vehicle to get to work, Santander Bank found in a new survey, and 74% are willing to make financial tradeoffs to maintain access to cars. For instance, 61% would give up dining out, while 48% would pass on vacations and 48%, entertainment. 

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Almost half, or 48%, of the 2,213 survey respondents say they prioritize cost over practicality, comfort and performance when shopping for a new car, up from 37% who said so in pre-pandemic years. Factors such as maintenance and fuel costs are also being taken into account.

Despite high vehicle costs — pushed upward by record-high interest rates and inventory issues — Americans are finding ways to navigate the cost of buying. 

The overall cost of purchasing a car is increasing in part due to interest rates, said Tom McParland, contributing writer for automotive website Jalopnik and operator of vehicle-buying service Automatch Consulting.

The average rate on a new car loan is 7.2%, according to Edmunds. That’s the highest it’s been since the fourth quarter of 2007, right at the cusp of the Great Recession.

Back then, however, the auto industry didn’t have the same inventory problems. 

“There were discounts in 2007 and 2008 because cars [were] just sitting on the lot, and now we don’t have cars on the lot,” said Joseph Yoon, a consumer insight analyst for Edmunds. “That’s really contributing to overall really high costs for consumers.”

While some car manufacturers are improving their supply deliveries, inventory wrinkles are still far from being ironed out, experts say.

“When you start drilling down the vehicles that are in demand, that’s where [you] start to see a different texture,” said McParland.

As interest rates and inventory spur price hikes, some car shoppers are either lengthening their loans or — if they have the money and means to do so — making a more generous down payment.

The average duration of car loans is stretching ever longer. Before the pandemic, the average length was 5 years, Yoon said. Consumers are now more apt to sign 72- to 84-month loans, equating to six or seven years in repayment. 

“If you have to have a car and your budget is limited, what people are doing is just pushing out the loan terms,” which reduces the monthly payment, he said.

Yet, a longer loan is not always ideal. A longer repayment term means you’re paying more for the car overall. Additionally, cars depreciate in value, so there’s a chance you will owe more than the car is worth. It’s important to keep this in mind, especially if you get into an accident that totals the vehicle, or can’t keep up with payments.

For some drivers, leases were once considered a smart way to score a new vehicle for less because you would pay for the depreciation of the vehicle only for that period. However, for a lease to be ideal, you need three elements in your favor: The residual value of the vehicle after the lease expires needs to be high, you need solid discounts, and interest rates have to be low, said Yoon.

Three to four years ago, a customer could walk into a lot and lease a luxury sedan for $300 a month, but these days dealers are rarely offering discounts and interest rates are astronomical, he added. 

However, a large portion of customers who would have leased luxury cars are now buying them and agreeing to pay about $1,000 a month instead, “because the math on the leases isn’t good,” said McParland.

“If you have a large chunk of the consumer pool who would normally lease a luxury car that retails for $60,000 or more now deciding to finance that car instead, you are going to have a larger chunk of people with loan payments in the four figures,” added McParland.

The share of car buyers who financed a vehicle with a monthly payment of $1,000 or more climbed to a new record high of 17.1% in the second quarter, Edmunds found.

“Consumers who are paying large amounts of finance charges could be in jeopardy of falling into a negative equity trap,” wrote Ivan Drury, Edmunds’ director of insights, in a statement.

Even though demand for vehicles persists, some customers are waiting for the prices to cool down.

While 24% of survey respondents delayed purchasing a vehicle over the past year, 41% said they will put off a vehicle purchase in the upcoming year, as well, if prices remain elevated, Santander found. 

Between the pricing and inventory issues, people who have the luxury or the patience to wait it out are “definitely” doing so, said Yoon.

There is also an uptick in the age of trade-in vehicles, a sign that people are holding on to their cars for longer and waiting for availability and better deals, he added. However, this represents a return to pre-pandemic norms, stabilizing from the drop in average trade-in ages observed the last two years.

In 2019, the average age of a trade-in vehicle was 6.24 years; last year, it dipped to 4.9 years. Now, the average is coming back up, currently at 5.3 years, said Yoon. 

“We’re still about a year off from the [pre-Covid] trading age, kind of bouncing back to full normal,” he said. “People are still playing the waiting game.”

The market could begin to cool later this year, but it all comes down to supply and demand, said McParland.

However, if dealers begin to see 2023 vehicles sitting around the lot while 2024 models are coming off the truck in a couple of months, they may have more motivation to clear out that old inventory, he added.